工业革命与高等教育多样性的关系演进及规律——以英国、法国、德国、美国为例

The Evolution and Rule of the Relationship between the Industrial Revolution and the Diversity of Higher Education——Take Britain,France,Germany and the United States as Examples

随着工业化革命进程的推进,高等教育进入大众化阶段,多样性成为其显著特征。从高等教育生态系统理论出发,高等教育多样性包含课程结构、专业设置及院校类型等方面。英国、法国、德国、美国的工业革命与高等教育多样性的关系演进历程证实,两者的关系演进遵循彼此疏离—建立联系—互促发展—协同发展的规律。认识两者关系的演进规律,对身处“工业4.0”时代的我国建设工业强国具有借鉴意义。

With the progress of the industrialization revolution, higher education has entered a popular stage, and diversity has become its prominent feature.Starting from the theory of higher education ecosystem, the diversity of higher education includes the course structure, the professional setting, the types of colleges and universities and etc.Taking Britain, France, Germany and the United States as examples, the relationship between the industrial revolution and the diversity of higher education follows the rule from alienation, establishment of connections, mutual promotion to collaborative development. It is great significance for China to understand the development law of the relationship between the industrial revolution and the diversity of higher education in the era of " Industry 4.0".