彝族贫困代际传递现状及影响因素研究

A Study on the Status and Influence Factors of Yi Ethnic’s Poverty Intergenerational Transmission

彝族主要分布在藏羌彝走廊与乌蒙山集中连片特困地区,彝族贫困具有面广、程度深、持续时间长且代际传递的特点。贫困代际传递是长期贫困的极端形式。文章利用2018年彝族长期贫困调查数据分析彝族贫困代际传递的现状、影响因素及代际传递机制。结果发现,彝族聚居区贫困代际传递发生率较高。两代人的人力资本均显著影响贫困代际传递,人力资本存量越低,贫困代际传递发生的可能性越高。贫困父辈的人力和经济负资本通过代际传递累积形成子代的人力和经济负资本,从而导致贫困代际传递。子代非农就业和兼业行为也会增加贫困代际传递的发生率。

Yi ethnic minorities are mainly distributed in Tibetan-Yi-Corridor and Wumeng Destitute Areas.The characteristics of Yi poverty are wide in range,deep in degree,long-lasting and intergenerational transmitted.Intergenerational transmission of poverty is an extreme form of chronic poverty.Based on the of Yi Chronic Poverty Questionnaire Survey in 2018,this paper analyzes the current situation,influence factors and mechanism of Yi ethnic’s poverty intergenerational transmission.It finds that the incidence of poverty intergenerational transmission is very high in communities concentrated with Yi minorities.Human capital of two generations significantly affects the intergenerational transmission of poverty.The stock of human capital adversely affects the intergenerational transmission of poverty.Poverty of parents can transmit negative human and economic capital to their children,and these kinds of capital will form the children’s capital.Non-agricultural and part-time employment of the offspring can also increase the incidence of poverty intergenerational transmission.