微润灌溉对玉米耗水特性及产量的影响研究

Effect of Micro-irrigation on Water Consumption and Output of Corn

为研究微润灌溉对大田玉米耗水特性和产量的影响,以大田玉米为研究对象,通过玉米微润灌溉与膜下滴灌田间对比试验,对微润灌溉和膜下滴灌不同处理条件下灌水量、耗水量、作物的产量及水分生产效率等进行试验研究及分析。结果表明:微润管进口压力为2.0、2.5和3.0 m的微润灌溉分别较滴灌少耗水29.8%、17.9%和11.7%。微润管进口压力为3.0 m的玉米籽粒产量为10 507 kg/hm^2,比膜下滴灌对照高11.5%,WUE达到4.33 kg/m^3。说明微润灌溉通过优化全生育期水分配置,进而达到节水、增产、增效的效果,在干旱区可适当推广应用。

In order to study the effect of micro-irrigation on water consumption characteristics and yield of maize,field corn was taken as the research object. Through field comparative experiments of micro-irrigation and sub-drip irrigation,the effects of micro-irrigation and submerged drip irrigation under different treatments of irrigation amounts,water consumption,crop yield and water production efficiency,and WUE were investigated. The results showed that the micro-irrigation with water heads of 2.0,2.5 and 3.0 m consumed 29.8%,17.9% and 11.7% less water than drip irrigation did. The grain yield of corn was the highest when the head pressure was 3.0 m,and the highest was10 507 kg/hm^2,which was 11.5% higher than that under the drip irrigation control and it’s WUE achieved 4.33 kg/m^3. This indicates that irrigation by optimizing the allocation of water throughout the growth period can achieve the effect of saving water and increasing production.It can be popularized and applied in the arid areas.