入侵植物马缨丹研究进展

Progress on the research on the invasive west Indian Lantana (Lantana camara, Verbenaceae)

马缨丹原产于热带美洲,现已扩散至世界热带和亚热带地区,并严重威胁入侵地本地植物的生长。马缨丹因具有观赏价值而被我国大量引进,但由于疏于管理,发展成为入侵杂草,对我国农业、畜牧业及生态环境造成严重危害。目前对马缨丹的入侵机制还没有全面系统的认识。本文从马缨丹的生物学特性、入侵机制、生态学效应、防治与应用等方面进行综述,总结其研究进展,以期为马缨丹的防治工作提供依据。研究结果显示:马缨丹成功入侵的关键因素源于其独特的生物学性征;对农林业造成的危害的原因主要为它的化感作用;马缨丹的防治方法主要包括物理、化学和生物防治;马缨丹在防虫除虫、污染修复、药用价值等方面有所应用。此外,分析当前研究中的不足后发现,今后应加强马缨丹在自然环境中的适应机制、应用潜力、防治方法等的研究。

Lantana camara L., native to tropical America, now has spread to tropical and subtropical regions of the world. It has become a serious threat to the growth of native plants and is considered one of the most problematic invasive plants world-wide. Due to its ornamental value, it has been introduced into China in large quantities, and has developed into an invasive weed, causing serious harm to agriculture, animal husbandry and the environment. The invasion mechanism of L. camara has not yet been fully and systematically understood. This paper reviews the biological characteristics, invasion mechanisms, ecological impacts, prevention and management of L. camara , and summarizes the research progress, in order to provide a scientific basis for the control of L. camara . The key factor of L. camara invasion success is its unique combination of biological characteristics. The main reason for its damage to agriculture and forestry is allelopathic effects. The control methods of L. camara include physical, chemical and biological control methods. L. camara has been applied in pest control, pollution remediation and a a source of medicine. Further studies are needed about the adaptive mechanism in natural environment, application potential and additional control methods.