论个人财产婚后收益之归属——基于裁判文书视角的实证分析

On the Attribution of Marital Income Derived from Personal Property: An Empirical Analysis from the Perspective of Juridical Documents

《婚姻法解释(三)》第五条在司法适用中极为模糊,此种模糊源于立法在理论标准上的反复转变及学理类型标准的错误指引。个人财产婚后收益按通说划分为投资性收益、孳息和增值三大类型,但这种划分逻辑并不周延,且分类标准不一,以类型区分对应收益归属的标准在法律适用时常常出现“全有”或“全无”的情形,无法摆脱理论标准的实质判断,从而造成适用上的不公。在判断个人财产婚后收益的归属时,原则上应当根据理论标准中的协力说判断收益归属,但在个人财产形态发生转化时,不宜改变收益的权属认定,而应适用补偿制度来评价夫妻之间的协力。

The article V in the third judicial interpretation of Marriage Law results in an unclear situation. Courts trend to avoid the application by means of various legal interpretations. The theory standard in legislation and the type standard in academia led to the problem. Generally,marital income derived from personal property can be divided into investment income,fruits and increment. While this classification standard conducts an absolute application and also relies on the standard in academia,which due to the lack of logicality and uniformity,resulting in a unfair situation. In principle,the theory of unite efforts shall be applied to judge the attribution of marital income derived from personal property. Exceptionally,when the income related to transformation of personal property,compensation system shall be applied to evaluate the unite efforts in marriage.