考虑速度对反应强度影响的车辆跟驰模型

Improved Car-following Model Considering the Influence of Velocity on Driver Response

全速度差(FVD)跟驰模型考虑了速度差对司机驾驶行为的影响,但是其仍不能反应车辆跟驰过程中的非对称性。在FVD模型的基础上,考虑司机对速度差的反应强度受车辆当前速度的影响,建立了新的模型。新模型能够解释司机加速和减速过程中的非对称性现象出现的原因:司机对前后车速度差的关注强度与车辆当前速度大小成负相关,从而造成司机减速过程比加速过程更为急促。模型的自然稳定曲线也表现出车辆的减速和加速过程的非对称性。计算机仿真结果指出新模型能够描述车辆跟驰过程中的非对称性,并指出当前速度是引起这种非对称性的原因之一。

The full velocity difference (FVD) model considers the velocity difference factor but cannot capture the asymmetric characteristics of car-following behavior. Based on the FVD model and considering that the degree of a driver's response to speed differences is affected by the current speed of the vehicle, a new model is established. The new model explains the asymmetrical car-following behavior based on the fact that the response of the driver to velocity differences negatively correlates with the current velocity. The neutral stability curve of the new model is asymmetrical. Results of numerical computer simulations confirm that the new model can capture the asymmetry between deceleration and acceleration. They also reveal that the current velocity is one of the main causes of this asymmetry.