产后盆底功能障碍相关因素的调查分析

Survey and analysis on related factors of puerperal pelvic floor dysfunction

目的调查分析妇女产后盆底功能障碍的相关因素。方法自行设计调查问卷,对502例产妇进行问卷调查,调查数据经单因素分析后,进行多因素Logistic回归分析。结果 502例产妇中盆底功能障碍的产妇223例(44.4%),无盆底功能障碍的产妇279例(55.6%);经多因素Logistic回归分析,年龄OR=1.331,P=0.046,分娩前体质指数OR=1.389,P=0.039,分娩方式OR=1.415,P=0.035,会阴损伤史OR=2.267,P<0.001,产后便秘OR=2.119和2.522,P均<0.001,家族史OR=2.196,P=0.001,产后及时进行康复训练OR=0.713,P=0.045。结论产后盆底功能障碍发生率高,高龄产妇、孕前体质指数≥28、经阴道分娩、产后发生便秘、有盆底功能障碍家族史、有会阴损伤史是产后盆底功能障碍的独立危险因素,而产后及时进行康复训练是独立保护因素。

Objective To investigate and analyze the related factors of puerperal pelvic floor dysfunction for women.Method Investigate 502 parturient women by self-designed questionnaire.The data receives single factor analysis and then multiple Logistic regression analysis.Result There are 223 cases(44.4%)of puerperal pelvic floor dysfunction and270 cases(55.6%)without puerperal pelvic floor dysfunction among 502 parturient women.The result of multiple Logistic regression analysis:age(OR=1.331,P=0.046),propartum body mass index(BMI)(OR=1.389,P=0.039),delivery mode(OR=1.415,P=0.035),history of perineal injury(OR=2.267,P<0.001),postpartum constipation(OR=2.119 and 2.522,P<0.001 each),family history(OR=2.196,P=0.001),timely puerperal rehabilitation training(OR=0.713,P=0.045).Conclusion There is a high incidence of postpartum pelvic floor dysfunction.High age,propartum BMI≥28,vaginal delivery,postpartum constipation,family history of pelvic floor dysfunction and history of perineal injury are independent risk factors of postpartum pelvic floor dysfunction.Timely postpartum rehabilitation training is an independent protective factor.