一种新型末梢血细胞混匀仪的研制

Development of a new type of peripheral blood cell mixer

目的:研制一款新型全自动末梢血细胞混匀仪,用于末梢血常规检测时血细胞的混匀制备。方法:采用霍尔漩涡原理,用微电机带动偏心块在混合仓内旋转,产生空气涡流带动离心管旋转,使细胞悬浮。以点动式智能工作方式,采用低压电源驱动微型震动电机工作,独立混匀机构使采血管旋转。采用半导体制冷制热片控制温度;采用单片机技术控制时间,单个和混合仓工作时间分别为正转和反转各1~5s,振荡重复2次。选取低值、高值和在正常参考区间的末梢血血小板样本各20例,采用仪器混匀法与手工混匀法对比分析不同参考值血小板计数,并用静脉血作为对照。结果:对20例数量低于参考值、高于参考值和在参考值内的血小板样本,使用末梢血细胞混匀仪与手工混匀法混匀计数比较,其低值、高值和正常值血小板混匀效果均好于手工混匀法,差异有统计学意义(t=2.045,t=2.047,t=2.046;P<0.01)。结论:自动温控和定时末梢血混匀仪混匀后血小板检测结果的准确性和稳定性明显好于手工混匀法,可减少或消除末梢血血常规检测时由于检验者技术因素导致的结果误差,缩短末梢血检测时间,提高检验结果的精确度和准确性。

Objective: To develop a BY-1 full-automatic peripheral blood cell mixer for blood cell mixing of peripheral blood in routine testing. Methods: By using the Hall vortex principle, micro-motors were used to drive the eccentric block to rotate in the mixing chamber. And the generated air vortex drove rotation of the centrifuge tube to suspend the cells. In the point-acting intelligent working mode, a low-voltage power supply was used to drive the micro-vibration motor to work, and the independent mixing mechanism rotated the blood collection tube. And the temperature was controlled by a semiconductor cooling- heating blade, and the single-chip technique was adopted to control time, and the working times of single and mixing chamber respectively was 1-5 s for positive rotation and 1-5 s for reverse rotation, and the amplitude was repeated twice. Twenty peripheral blood platelet samples which were low-value, high-value and in the normal reference interval were collected, and blood platelet counts of different reference values between instrumental mixing method and manual mixing method were compared and analyzed. At the same time, venous blood was used as control group. Results: In the results of 20 cases which included blood platelet counts were lower than the reference value, were higher than the reference value and were within the reference value, the effects of instrument mixing method were significantly better than that of manual mixing method (t=2.045, t=2.047, t=2.046, P<0.01). Conclusion: After peripheral blood was mixed by the automatic peripheral blood cell mixer with temperature control and timing, the accuracy and stability of the results of blood platelet of instrument mixing method are significantly better than that of manual mixing method. The use of mixer can reduce or eliminate the result error caused by the technical factors of the tester in the routine blood test of peripheral blood, and shorten the detection time of the peripheral blood, and improve the precision and accuracy of the test result.