颈交感神经节的影像学成像进展及临床应用

The progress and clinical application of imaging of CSG

颈交感神经节(CSG)是颈部外周交感神经系统的重要组成部分,可通过对下丘脑内环境稳态的调理,实现对植物神经系统、内分泌系统和免疫系统功能的调节,其临床应用主要为CSG阻滞,通过对其区域阻滞,治疗疼痛、心律失常及失眠等多种临床症状。但临床操作时,常因不能有效识别CSG,而对其造成不可修复的损伤。随着医学成像技术的发展,尤其是高频超声的应用,可在进行颈部操作前,实现对CSG的辨识。通过综述CSG的解剖位置、CSG的影像学成像以及影像学在CSG阻滞中的临床应用,减少临床颈部操作可能对CSG的损伤,实现影像技术引导CSG的精确阻滞,提高颈交感神经阻滞的成功率,减少并发症。

Cervical sympathetic ganglion (CSG) is an important part of the peripheral sympathetic nervous system of neck. It can regulate the functions of the autonomic nervous system, endocrine system and immune system by regulating the homeostasis of the internal environment of the hypothalamus. Its clinical applications were mainly CSG block. Through its regional block, the multiple clinical symptoms included pain, arrhythmia and insomnia can be treated. However, in clinical operation, CSG is often unable to be effectively identified, resulting in irreparable damage to it. In recent years, with the development of medical imaging technology, especially the application of high-frequency ultrasound, CSG can be identified before neck operation. By summarized the anatomical location of CSG, iconography imaging of CSG and the clinical application of imaging in CSG block, not only the possible injury to CSG caused by clinical neck operation can be reduced, but also the accurate block of CSG guided by imaging technology can be realized, and the success rate of CSG block can be also improved, and the relative complications can be reduced.