水苏等植物粗提物对桃蚜等害虫的毒杀与驱避作用

The Insecticidal Activity and Repellent Effect of Different Plant (Like Stachys Japonica) Extracts on Several Pests (Like Myzus Persicae)

为筛选出具有较高活性的杀虫植物,通过室内实验测试了水苏、草木犀、竹叶花椒、马蹄金、卫矛、小窃衣、刻叶紫堇和齿果酸模等8种植物的粗提物的杀虫活性。先用无水乙醇浸泡植物叶片干粉制备植物粗提物,然后测试粗提物稀释液对柑橘红蜘蛛、小菜蛾、桃蚜的毒杀作用及对玉米象成虫的驱避效果。结果表明,这8种植物的粗提物都具有一定的杀虫作用。比较而言,水苏提取物对红蜘蛛的毒杀效果最好,小窃衣提取物对蚜虫的毒杀效果最好,齿果酸模提取物对小菜蛾的毒杀效果最好,卫矛提取物对玉米象成虫有比较明显的驱避作用。

In order to screen out the insect killing plants with high activity, the insecticidal activity of crude plant extracts of 8 kinds of plants, such as Stachys japonica, Melilotus, Zanthoxylum armatum, Dichondra repens, Euonymus, Torilis japonica, Corydalis and Rumex crispus is tested. Crude plant extracts are prepared by soaking dry powder of plant leaves with absolute ethanol, and the toxic effects of crude extracts on Panonychus citri, Plutella xylostella, Myzus persicae and their repellent effects are determined in laboratory. The results show that the crude extracts of these eight plants all have certain insecticidal effects. The extract of Stachys japonica has obvious toxic effect on the Panonychus citri. The toxic effect of extracts from the Torilis japonica on Myzus persicae is obvious. The toxic effect of the extract of Rumex dentatus on Plutella xylostella is obvious. Compared with other extracts, the extracts of Euonymus alatus have obvious repellent effect on Sitophilus zeamais.