城市共享单车治理问题的多理论视角解析

An Analysis of the Governance of Sharing Bicycles in Cities from the Perspective of Multiple Theories

近两年多,共享单车在我国各大中城市掀起了一股热潮,在给人们出行带来便利的同时,也存在着停放秩序、市场竞争、押金管理风险等问题。为此,文章作者尝试从公地悲剧、耗散结构、双边共享的视角来剖析共享单车的特征,从多个理论角度对深层治理问题进行了发掘与解析,并总结出相应的对策。在此基础上,构建“政府-运营商-用户”协同治理框架,提出了共享单车协同治理的路径:政府规制创新是前提、促进企业自我规制是关键、用户秉持共享理念是基础。

In the past two years,sharing bicycles in the large and medium-sized cities in China set off a boom,which not only brought convenience to people,but also produced problems such as parking,market competition,deposit management risks. Therefore,this paper tries to analyze the characteristics of sharing bicycles from the perspectives of Tragedy of the Commons,dissipative structure and bilateral sharing,explores and analyzes the deep-seated governance problems from the perspective of multiple theories,and finds the corresponding countermeasures. On this basis,the "government-operator-user" collaborative regulation framework is constructed,and the path of collaborative regulating of the sharing bicycles is proposed: the innovation of government regulation is the premise;promoting enterprise self-regulation is the key;and users upholding the concept of sharing is the foundation.