锰矿废弃地几种不同恢复模式土壤种子库与地上植被的关系

Relationship Between Soil Seed Banks and Above-ground Vegetation in Different Restoration Models of Abandoned Manganese Mining Areaa

土壤种子库技术是矿区废弃地植被恢复的重要方法,弄清不同恢复模式下种子库与地上植被之间的关系是有效利用该技术的前提。以云南建水锰尾矿恢复的醉鱼草(Buddleja officinalis)灌丛、香根草(Vetiveria zizanioides)草丛、肿柄菊(Tithonia diversifolia)群落为对象,以人工林蓝桉(Eucalyptus globulus)林为对照,通过野外调查与室内萌发实验相结合的方法研究了各群落地上植被与土壤种子库的关系。结果显示:1)尾矿起源各群落地上植被(0.50、0.06、2.18、vs. 2.12)与土壤种子库物种多样性(1.32、1.42、1.78 vs. 2.65)均低于对照群落;2)地上植被物种多样性与土壤种子库物种多样性成正相关(R^2=0.187,p=0.005);3)对照群落土壤种子库与地上植被物种相似性较高,尾矿恢复各群落较低,且不同恢复模式间相似性差异较大;4)香薷(Elsholtzia ciliata)与醉鱼草为4个群落土壤种子库共有的优势种,各群落地上植被与土壤种子库优势种不完全同步。研究结果表明恢复措施对土壤种子库物种多样性有重要影响。

Soil seed bank technology is an important method of vegetation restoration in abandoned mining areas. Revealing the relationship between soil seed banks and above-ground vegetation under different restoration modes is the premise of using this technology effectively. In this study, three communities(Buddleja officinalis shrubs,Vetiveria zizanioides grassland and Tithonia diversifolia community) restored from manganite tailings in jianshui yunnan province as study object, and Eucalyptus globulus forest as contrasted community to explore the relationship between above-ground vegetation and soil seed banks in each community by field investigation and indoor germination experiment.The results showed that: 1) Both the species diversity of above-ground vegetation(0.50,0.06,2.18 vs.2.12) and soil seed banks(1.32,1.42,1.78 vs.2.65) of each communities of tailings origin were lower than that of the contrasted community. 2) Above-ground vegetation species diversity was positively correlated with soil seed bank species diversity(R^2=0.187, p=0.005). 3) The species similarity between soil seed banks and above-ground vegetation of the contrasted community was high,and the communities of tailings recovery were low, and the similarity differences between different recovery models were large.4)Elsholtzia ciliataand Buddleja officinalis are common dominant species of in four soil seed banks communities,and the over-ground vegetation of each community is not completely synchronized with the dominant species of soil seed Banks.All the results showed that restoration measures had important impact on species diversity of soil seed banks.