饲粮铁添加水平对产蛋期种鹅生产性能、繁殖性能、蛋品质及血液生理生化指标的影响

Effects of Dietary Iron Supplemental Level on Performance,Reproductive Performance,Egg Quality and Blood Physiological and Biochemical Parameters of Breeding Geese during Laying Period

本试验旨在研究饲粮铁添加水平对产蛋期种鹅生产性能、繁殖性能、蛋品质及血液生理生化指标的影响,旨在探讨产蛋期种鹅对铁的需要量。选择34周龄体况相近的种鹅120只,随机分为6组,每组4个重复,每个重复5只(1公4母)。各组(Ⅰ~Ⅵ组)饲粮铁添加水平分别为0、20、40、60、80、100mg/kg。预试期1周,正试期10周。结果表明:1)Ⅴ组平均蛋重显著或极显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。由二次曲线拟合方程得出,饲粮铁添加水平为80.61mg/kg时平均蛋重最高。2)Ⅴ组种蛋合格率、种蛋孵化率和健雏率显著或极显著高于其他各组(P<0.05或P<0.01),Ⅴ组种蛋受精率显著或极显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅵ组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。由二次曲线拟合方程得出,饲粮铁添加水平为79.87mg/kg时,种蛋合格率最高;饲粮铁添加水平为84.82mg/kg时,种蛋受精率最高。3)Ⅴ组蛋黄色泽显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组(P<0.05)。4)Ⅳ、Ⅴ组血清尿素氮和肌酐含量显著或极显著低于Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组(P<0.05或P<0.01),Ⅳ、Ⅴ组血清铁含量显著或极显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。5)Ⅴ组血液中红细胞数显著或极显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ组(P<0.05或P<0.01),Ⅴ组血液中红细胞压积、血红蛋白浓度、平均血红蛋白含量显著或极显著高于其他各组(P<0.05或P<0.01),Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ组血液中平均红细胞体积显著或极显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。由此可见,饲粮铁添加水平对产蛋期种鹅平均蛋重、繁殖性能、蛋黄色泽及血液生理生化指标有显著影响,综合考虑,产蛋期种鹅饲粮铁添加水平为80.61~84.82mg/kg为宜。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary iron supplemental level on performance,reproductive performance,egg quality and blood physiological and biochemical parameters of breeding geese during laying period,to study the iron requirement of breeding geese during laying period.A total of 120 thirty-four-week-old breeding geese with the similar body condition were randomly divided into 6 groups with 4 replicates per group and 5 geese per replicate (1 male and 4 female).Geese in the 6 groups (groups Ⅰ to Ⅵ) were fed basal diets supplemented with 0,20,40,60,80 and 100 mg/kg iron,respectively.The pre-experimental period lasted for 1 week,and the experimental period lasted for 10 weeks.The results showed as follows: 1) the average egg weight of group Ⅴ was significantly higher than that of groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ( P <0.05 or P <0.01).According to the quadratic curve fitting equation,the average egg weight was the highest when dietary iron supplemental level was 80.61 mg/kg.2) The hatching egg qualified rate,hatching egg hatching rate and healthy rate of group Ⅴ were significantly higher than those of other groups ( P <0.05 or P <0.01),and the hatching egg fertilization rate of group Ⅴ was significantly higher than that of groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅵ( P <0.05 or P <0.01).According to the quadratic curve fitting equation,the hatching egg qualified rate was the highest when dietary iron supplemental level was 79.87 mg/kg;the hatching egg fertilization rate was the highest when dietary iron supplemental level was 84.82 mg/kg.3) The yolk color of group Ⅴ was significantly higher than that of groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅵ( P <0.05).4) The contents of urea nitrogen and creatinine in serum of groups Ⅳ and Ⅴ were significantly lower than those of groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ( P <0.05 or P < 0.01 ),and the serum iron content of groups Ⅳ and Ⅴ was significantly higher than that of groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ( P <0.05 or P <0.01).5) The blood red cell count of group Ⅴ was significantly higher than that of groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ( P <0.05 or P <0.01),the hematocrit,hemoglobin concentration and average hemoglobin content in blood of groups Ⅳ,Ⅴ and Ⅵ were significantly lower than those of other groups ( P <0.05 or P <0.01),and the blood mean corpuscular volume of groups Ⅳ,Ⅴ and Ⅵ was significantly higher than that of groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ( P <0.05 or P <0.01).In conclusion,dietary iron supplemental level has significant effects on average egg weight,reproductive performance,yolk color and blood physiological and biochemical parameters of breeding geese during laying period,on the basis of above results,it is suggested that the dietary iron supplemental level of breeding geese during laying period is 80.61 to 84.82 mg/kg.