生长期公母驴生产性能、血清生化指标、胴体性状和肉品质的比较

Comparison of Performance,Serum Biochemical Indices,Carcass Characteristics and Meat Quality of Male and Female Growing Donkeys

本试验旨在比较生长期公母驴生产性能、血清生化指标、胴体性状和肉品质的差异性。选取体重(149.50±7.20)kg、胎次相近的7~8月龄健康的断奶德州改良公母驴各10只,按性别分为2组,每组各2个重复,每个重复5头。试验驴按体重的1.5%饲喂精料,粗饲料均为豆秸,精粗比为4∶6。预试期7d,正试期270d。结果表明:1)母驴干物质采食量和平均日增重略高于公驴,但差异不显著(P>0.05);母驴体长、胸宽、出皮率和皮中胶原蛋白含量显著或极显著低于公驴(P<0.05或P<0.01),但母驴胸围显著高于公驴(P<0.05)。2)母驴血清白球比显著高于公驴(P<0.05),而血清碱性磷酸酶活性极显著低于公驴(P<0.01)。母驴和公驴其他血清生化指标差异不显著(P>0.05)。3)母驴胴体率和腹脂率显著高于公驴(P<0.05),肌肉剪切力、大理石花纹评分和游离脂肪酸含量极显著高于公驴(P<0.01)。母驴和公驴其他胴体性状和肉品质指标均差异不显著(P>0.05)。由此可见,在本试验条件下,母驴生产性能、胴体性状和肉品质均优于公驴,但公驴出皮率和皮中胶原蛋白含量高于母驴。

This experiment was aimed to compared the difference in performance,serum biochemical indices,carcass characteristics and meat quality of male and female growing donkeys.Twenty 7 to 8-month-old improved Dezhou donkeys with similar body weight of (149.50±7.20) kg and similar parity were selected,divided into 2 groups by sex,each group contained 2 replicates with 5 donkeys per replicate.The concentrate was feed based on the body weight of 1.5%,and soybean straw used as roughage,and the ratio of concentrate to roughage was 4 ∶ 6.The adaptation period lasted for 7 days and the formal period lasted for 270 days.The results showed as follows: 1) the dry matter intake and average daily gain of female donkeys were higher than those of male donkeys,but had no significant difference ( P >0.05);the body length,chest width,skinning rate and collagen content of female donkeys were significantly lower than those of male donkeys ( P <0.05 or P <0.01),and the bust of female donkeys was significantly higher than that of male donkeys ( P <0.05).2) The serum albumin to globulin ratio of female donkeys was significantly higher than that of male donkeys ( P <0.05),and the serum alkaline phosphatase activity of female donkeys was significantly lower than that of male donkeys ( P < 0.01).There were no significant differences in other serum biochemical indices between female donkeys and male donkeys ( P >0.05).3) The carcass rate,abdominal fat rate of female donkeys was significantly higher than that of male donkeys ( P <0.05),and the shear force,marble rating and free fatty acid content in muscle of female donkeys was significantly higher than that of male donkeys ( P <0.01).There were no significant differences in other carcass characteristics and meat quality indices between female donkeys and male donkeys ( P >0.05).In conclusion,under the conditions of this experiment,the performance,carcass characteristics and meat quality of female donkeys are better than those of male donkeys,but the skinning rate and skin collagen content of male donkeys are higher than those of female donkeys.