施用不同肥料对烟草土壤细菌群落的影响

Effects of Different Fertilization on Bacterial Community Diversity in Tobacco Rhizospheric Soil

利用Illumina平台Miseq高通量测序技术对烟草根际土壤细菌进行高通量测序,结合相关生物信息学分析,探讨了常规施肥、腐殖酸型有机无机复混肥、腐殖酸型生物有机肥和-N 20%腐殖酸型生物有机肥4种处理在烟草团棵期和采收期根际土壤细菌群落组成、多样性和结构的变化。结果显示,烟草根际土壤中细菌优势门(相对丰度>10%)为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria);团棵期和采收期各处理的ACE指数和Chao1指数较CK均有所增加,说明施肥可以提高土壤细菌群落丰富性,其中采摘期施用腐殖酸型有机无机复混肥和腐殖酸型生物有机肥处理的ACE指数显著高于CK;分层聚类图在属的水平上显示,不同施肥处理的连作植烟土壤细菌群落存在较大差异,但这种差异不体现在结构多样性上。Heatmap图分析结果表明,土壤pH、有机质、养分等对烟草土壤细菌群落组成和多样性存在影响。施用常规肥和-N 20%腐殖酸型生物有机肥对烟草土壤细菌优势类群的相对丰度及群落结构的影响大于施用腐殖酸型有机无机复混肥和腐殖酸型生物有机肥,但施用腐殖酸型有机无机复混肥和腐殖酸型生物有机肥可以提高土壤细菌的多样性。

This paper aimed to study the tobacco soil bacteria of different fertilizer application,the influence of structure and diversity,the deepening understanding of tobacco soil microbial groups and the community structure changes.The technology of high-throughput sequencing on Illumina MiSeq platform was adopted to investigate the effects of different fertilization on bacterial communities in tobacco rhizospheric soil. The 16S rDNA genes of topsoil bacteria in tobacco rhizospheric soils were sequenced by high-throughput sequencing on Illumina MiSeq① platform and related biological analysis conducted to investigate the changes in soil bacterial composition,diversity and structure under 4 different fertilization at resetting growth stage and picking period.Proteobacteria,Chloroflexi, Acidobacteria were the dominant phyla(with relative abundance>10%)in tobacco rhizospheric soils. The richness indexes(Chaol and ACE indexes)were higher for each treatment than for CK at resetting growth stage and picking period,showed that fertilization can improve soil bacterial community richness;The richness indexes(ACE indexes)were significantly higher for T2 and T3 than for CK in picking period,showed that application of humic acid type organic inorganic fertilizer and humic acid type biological organic fertilizer can improve soil bacterial community richness. Hierarchical cluster analysis showed that different fertilizer treatments differ from that of continuous cropping plant tobacco soil bacterial community,but the difference is not reflected on the structural diversity. Heatmap figure analysis results show that the soil pH,organic matter and nutrient have correlation with tobacco soil bacterial community composition and diversity.The conventional fertilization and -N 20% humic acid biological organic fertilizer on tobacco soil bacteria dominant relative abundance and community structure is greater than the effect of applying humic acid type organic inorganic fertilizer and humic acid type biological organic fertilizer,but the application of humic acid type organic inorganic fertilizer and humic acid type biological organic fertilizer can improve the diversity of soil bacteria.