场域性的“一家人”:民间体育参与中亲属结构的变化逻辑——W村打鼓活动的田野考察

Field of Family: Logic of Changes of Relative’s Structure Participation of Folk Sports:A Field Work of Drum-beating Activities in W Village

以河南W村的打鼓活动为田野个案,调研发现,在民间体育参与过程中,村民交流虽然都会表达“我们是一家人”,但不同场域的亲属结构涵盖范围却存在差异:在仪式性场域下往往呈现出对异姓的隔离状态,而在日常生活场域下呈现出融合状态。研究认为,隔离源自于乡土社会信仰与禁忌规范、宗族秩序的强化,而融合则是因为乡土情义秩序的维持、村落关系共同体的重构。基于以上隔离与融合并存的现象进一步提出,民间体育为乡土社会从“差序格局”向“差序场”转型提供了“物理舞台”,并促成乡土社会形成“有机团结”的社会结构。

The drumming beating activities in W Village of Henan Province as a field case showed that although the villagers would express the idea of “being a family” in the process of folk sports participation activities, there were differences in the scope of the kinship structure in different fields. It was believed that separation originated from the local social beliefs, taboos, norms and the strengthening of the clan order, while the integration came from the maintenance of the rural sentimental order and the reconstruction of the village relations community. Based on the coexistence of separation and integration, it proposed that folk sports activities provided a “physical stage” for the transformation of local society from “the pattern of difference sequence” to “the field of difference sequence”, and contributed to forming the social structure of the “organic solidarity”.