芳胺重氮盐对蚕丝偶合染色的构效关系研究

Study on effect of aromatic amine diazonium salts on structure-property relationship of coupling dyeing of silk

芳胺重氮盐对蚕丝织物的偶合染色因受限于发色体结构,难以获得深色系列染色织物。文章以染色蚕丝织物的K/S值曲线为衡量指标,分别采用具有供吸电性基团、大共轭体系或磺酸基团的芳胺重氮盐对蚕丝进行偶合染色,研究并揭示了芳胺结构的影响规律。结果表明,供电性基团的助色作用较弱,吸电性基团的助色效果更为显著;芳胺重氮盐的共轭体系越大,K/S值曲线越红移;含磺酸基的芳胺重氮盐也能够进行偶合染色,并实现了具有大共轭体系的芳伯胺染料重氮盐对蚕丝的偶合染色。各类芳胺重氮盐所染蚕丝织物的耐皂洗和耐摩擦色牢度均能达到4级以上。

Coupling dyeing of silk fabrics with aromatic amine diazonium salts is very difficult to obtain silk fabrics with dark colors, due to the limited chromophore structure. The K/S curves of dyed silk fabrics were used as an index, and aromatic amine diazonium salts with electron-donating/-withdrawing groups, large conjugation systems or sulfonic groups were adopted for coupling dyeing of silk to study and reveal the influencing rules of aromatic amine structure. The results showed that the electron-donating groups hardly helped to promote dyeing, while the electron-withdrawing groups presented a more remarkable effect. The larger conjugation system of aromatic amine diazonium salts, the more red shift of K/S curves. Besides, the aromatic amine diazonium salts containing sulfonic groups could also be applied for coupling dyeing. And, coupling dyeing of silk by using of aromatic amine diazonium salts with large conjugation system was realized. The soaping and rubbing fastness of silk fabrics dyed by aromatic amine diazonium salts could reach Grade 4 or above.