我国天气指数保险实践探析

Analysis on the Practice of Index-based Weather Insurance in China

天气指数保险是一种应对气象灾害的风险处理机制。自2007年4月安信农险试点首推西甜瓜梅雨强度指数保险以来,国内诸多保险公司都开始尝试天气指数保险,从而积累了大量的宝贵经验。同时,也面临一些难题,如基差风险、气象及损失数据收集困难和与传统保险难衔接等。实践也告诉我们,天气指数保险作为传统保险的补充,可采取“政府主导+市场补充”模式,完善相关补贴机制,逐渐向市场化过渡。选择风险因素均一性较高且传统保险发展较薄弱的地区或行业中试点推广天气指数保险,既可满足保户更高的风险管理需求,帮助其稳定收入,亦可促进金融服务的发展。

Index-based weather insurance is a mechanism dealing with the risk of climate disasters. Since the pilot practice of mould rains intensity index-based weather insurance of watermelon by Anxin Agricultural Insurance Co. in April 2007, many an insurance companies in China starts trying the index-based weather insurance and has accumulated lots of valuable experience. While at the same time, there exists some difficulties, such as the basis risk, difficulties in the collection of climate and loss data, and the connection with traditional insurance, etc. Through the practice, we know index-based weather insurance can be acted as a complement of the traditional insurance. We can take the mode of “government-led+ market supplement”, improve the related subsidy system and gradually transit to marketization. Trying out the index-based weather insurance in the areas or industries with relatively high homogeneity of risk factors can not only meet the higher demand of risk management and help to stable their income, but also promote the financial service.