社区老年人有氧能力的现况调查

A survey of aerobic capacity in community elderly

目的 评估社区老年人的有氧能力,并探索其与运动耐力的关系。 方法 对来自上海市静安区的87名社区老年人进行心肺运动试验,并根据运动负荷试验的结果将其分为3组:阴性组、未达标准组和可疑阳性组。计算3组的峰值摄氧量占该个体最大摄氧量预测值的百分比(VO2peak/VO2maxPred)、无氧阈值占该个体最大摄氧量预测值的百分比(VO2AT/VO2maxPred)、无氧阈值与峰值摄氧量的比值(VO2AT/VO2peak),比较3组老年人的有氧能力。 结果 3组的性别、年龄及体质量指数差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。3组VO2peak/VO2maxPred(F=4.730,P=0.011)、VO2AT/VO2maxPred(F=3.888,P=0.024)差异有统计学意义,其中,未达标准组和可疑阳性组的VO2peak/VO2maxPred值均显著低于阴性组(P<0.05),可疑阳性组的VO2AT/VO2maxPred值显著低于阴性组(P<0.05)。3组间VO2AT/VO2peak差异无统计学意义(F=0.906,P=0.408)。 结论 社区老年人有氧能力的下降可能与运动耐力下降及潜在心血管疾病有关;作为评估不同个体有氧代谢能力的指标,VO2peak/VO2maxPred较VO2AT/VO2maxPred更为敏感。

Objective To assess the aerobic capacity of the elderly in community and to explore the correlation with exercise endurance. Methods Eighty-seven elderly people from Jingan District of Shanghai were tested by cardiopulmonary exercise testing. According to the results of the exercise load test, the subjects were divided into negative group, non-standard group and suspicious positive group. The values of VO2peak/ VO2maxPred, VO2AT/ VO2maxPred and VO2AT/ VO2peak in each group were calculated and compared among the three groups. Results There was no significant difference in gender, age and body mass index among the three groups (P> 0. 05). There were significant differences in VO2peak/ VO2maxPred (F =4. 730, P = 0. 011) and VO2AT/ VO2maxPred (F = 3. 888, P = 0. 024) among the three groups. The values of VO2peak/ VO2maxPred in non-standard group and suspicious positive group were significantly lower than those in negative group (P<0. 05);The value of VO2AT/ VO2maxPred in suspicious positive group was significantly lower than that in negative group (P<0. 05). There was no significance in VO2AT/ VO2peak among the three groups (F = 0. 906, P = 0. 408). Conclusions The decline of aerobic capacity in elderly community may be associated with the decrease of exercise endurance and potential cardiovascular diseases. VO2peak/ VO2maxPred is more sensitive than VO2AT/ VO2maxPred as an indicator for assessing the aerobic capacity of different individuals.