论齐如山对国剧原则及本质的探寻

QI Rushan’s Probe into the Principles and Essence of Chinese Opera

中国戏曲的原则有哪些,它的本质又是什么,在清代以前的漫长时期还没有一个曲学家做过准确而完整的专门表述。能从创作、舞台、观赏三个方面对中国戏曲的原则、本质做出全面而系统的探索的只有齐如山。齐如山既有丰富的剧场经验,又有高超的写作能力,他一生徜徉于戏场剧院,而且以皮簧和后来的京剧为对象,从实际调查出发,获得了大量的第一手资料,这些资料为他总结和概括中国戏曲原则与本质提供了坚实基础。他总结和概括的中国戏曲的原则与本质无疑最接近最吻合戏曲实际,也最具有权威性。他的研究对象虽然是被称为所谓国剧的皮簧戏、京戏,但把皮簧戏、京戏作为总结和概括中国戏曲的原则与本质的艺术样式无疑是很正确的选择。

What are the principles of Chinese opera and what is its essence? There has not been a precise and complete professional expression by a composer expert in the long period before the Qing Dynasty. Only Qi Rushan, can make a comprehensive and systematic exploration of the principles and essence of Chinese opera from the three aspects of creation, stage and viewing. He had rich theater experience and superb writing ability., spending his life in the theater. With Pihuang and later Peking opera his target., he searched and explored thoroughly, from the actual investigation, obtaining a large number of first-hand information, which provided a solid foundation for his summary and generalization of the principles and essence of Chinese opera. The principles and essence of the Chinese opera that he summarized are undoubtedly the closest to the reality in opera and most authoritative. Although his research object is known as the so-called Chinese opera such as Pihuang, Beijing Opera, summarizing the principles and essence of Chinese opera with art styles like Pihuang Opera and Beijing Opera was undoubtedly a very correct choice.