聚丙烯基吸声建筑材料的制备

Preparation of Polypropylene-Based Sound Absorbing Building Materials

采用铝酸酯偶联剂对硅藻土表面改性,以不同含量的硅藻土与聚丙烯熔融共混,制备具有一定力学性能和吸声性能的吸声建筑材料。采用红外光谱仪、扫描电子显微镜、电子拉力试验机和传递函数阻抗管吸声测试系统对硅藻土改性效果和试样的微观组织、力学性能和吸声性能进行测试分析。研究表明,铝酸酯偶联剂对硅藻土改性效果明显,改性后硅藻土表面形成一层有机包覆层,增强了硅藻土与聚丙烯界面的黏结效果;试样的吸声性能随着硅藻土含量的增加呈现先增后减的趋势,当硅藻土含量30份时吸声性能最佳,在2 000 Hz左右试样的吸声系数达到最佳值约为0. 78,高效吸声频率宽度超过2 200 Hz,试样的压缩强度和弹性模量为12. 75 MPa和0. 38 GPa,可将该材料用于声学工程设计和噪音控制等方面,以达到控制混响时间和吸声降噪的目的。

Diatomite surface was modified by aluminate coupling agent,and diatomite with different contents was blended with polypropylene to prepare building materials with certain mechanical properties and sound absorption properties. The modification effect of diatomite and the microstructure, mechanical properties and sound absorption properties of samples were tested and analyzed by infrared spectrometer,scanning electron microscope, electronic tensile testing machine and sound absorption testing system of transfer function impedance tube. The research shows that the aluminate coupling agent has an obvious effect on the modification of diatomite,and an organic coating formed on the surface of the modified diatomite could enhance the bonding effect between the diatomite and the polypropylene. With the increase of diatomite contents,the sound absorption performance of the sample increases first and then decreases. When the content of diatomite is 30 parts,the sound absorption coefficient of the material could achieve an optimum value of 0. 78 at about 2 000 Hz,and the high-efficiency sound absorption frequency width exceeds 2 200 Hz.The compressive strength and modulus of elasticity are 12. 75 MPa and 0. 38 GPa,respectively. The material could be used in acoustic engineering design and noise control,and it could achieve the purpose to control reverberation time and sound absorption and noise reduction.