丙烷氧化脱氢制丙烯研究进展

Research progress on oxidative dehydrogenation of propane to propene

开发新型丙烯制备工艺对于满足人们日益增长的丙烯需求具有重要意义。由于商业化无氧脱氢技术存在热力学平衡限制、反应温度高、催化剂易积炭等不足,近年来,人们将研究重心转向了丙烷氧化脱氢技术。本文简述了丙烷氧化脱氢制丙烯的发展现状,综述了近年来文献报道的丙烷氧化脱氢催化剂体系(V基、Cr基、Co基、Ni基、Mo基、Pt基、Ce基和非金属基催化剂)、机理研究和不同氧化剂选择,并对各自的优势和不足进行了简单分析。分析发现,虽然目前丙烷氧化脱氢催化剂的种类非常广泛,但产物丙烯的收率仍有待提高,机理研究也需要更加系统和深入。最后指出,系统研究丙烷氧化脱氢机理,并在此基础上开发先进催化剂,进一步提高丙烯的选择性和收率是未来丙烷氧化脱氢研究的重要方向。

The increasing demand of propene has motivated people to develop novel approaches to produce propene. The commercial dehydrogenation process of propane, however, has the problems of thermodynamics equilibrium limit, high reaction temperature and carbon deposition. Nowadays,increasing attention has been paid to developing the oxidative dehydrogenation of propane. In this review,we summarized the development of catalyst systems(V-, Cr-, Co-, Ni-, Mo-, Pt-, Ce-based and metalfree catalysts), mechanism studies and oxidants for propane oxidative dehydrogenation. The advantages and drawbacks for each system are analyzed. We found that although many kinds of catalysts have been developed, the propene yield is still far from commercialization. In the future, the development of the propane oxidative dehydrogenation should be directed to a deep understanding of the reaction mechanism and the rational design of advanced catalyst systems so as to improve the selectivity and yield of propene.