激活剂促进微生物降解偶氮、蒽醌和三苯甲烷类染料研究进展

Advances in research on activators promoting microbial degradation of dyes

目前利用生物法处理印染废水应用非常广泛。激活剂作为能提高生物酶活性、促进酶促反应、提高生物降解效率的有效物质,在提高含染料废水生物处理效率的研究中具有重要意义。本文综合介绍了多种不同种类的激活剂,以及它们分别对菌株、菌群脱色偶氮、蒽醌、三苯甲烷等三大类不同结构染料的激活促进作用。综合分析近年来国内外研究成果,了解到目前生物处理染料常用的激活剂主要为金属离子、氧化还原介体等。综合来看,虽然目前激活剂促进微生物降解染料研究方面已有一些成果,但还存在使用单一菌种和单一激活剂无法有效处理复合染料污染废水,无法有效缩短处理时间等问题。提出针对不同结构染料及复合污染染料开发高效混合菌群及其最适合的激活剂种类、组合等是今后的研究方向。研究成果将为激活剂在实际含染料废水生物处理过程中更好地应用提供理论基础。

Currently, the biological method for the treatment of printing and dyeing wastewater is widely used. Activator is of great significance in improving the biological treatment efficiency of dye-containing wastewater as an effective substance which can increase the activity of biological enzymes, promote the enzymatic reaction rate and enhance the biodegradation efficiency. In this paper, several different kinds of activators were introduced, and their activation and promotion effects on decolorization of azo,anthraquinone and triphenylmethane by strains and flora were discussed. The domestic and foreign researches showed that the current activators for biological treatment of dyes mainly include metal ions,redox mediators and so on. There are some achievements in the research of activators to promote microbial degradation of dyes. However, there are still some problems that complex dyeing wastewater cannot be effectively treated by using a single strain or a single activator, and the treatment time can not be effectively shortened. Therefore, the future research direction would be the development of highefficiency mixed bacterial flora and its most suitable activator types and combinations for different structural dyes and composite dyes. The research would provide a theoretical basis for the better application of activators in the actual biological treatment of dye-containing wastewater.