秋葵品种的农艺性状综合分析

Comprehensive screening and selecting of okra(Abelmoschus esculentus L.) varieties based on agronomic traits

[目的]本研究旨在筛选适合在山西晋中地区推广种植的秋葵品种。[方法]以9个秋葵品种为试材,联合采用变异分析、主成分分析、聚类分析与灰色关联分析等多元统计分析,对秋葵苗期、植株形态、叶、花、果、种子等32个主要农艺性状进行综合评价。[结果]其变异系数介于2.13%~68.44%,其中节间长变异系数最大,节间长与单果结籽数、6d果长显著正相关,与4d、8d果长极显著正相关,但与单株结果数、2d果长显著负相关,与6d果宽极显著负相关。主成分分析将其综合为果荚发育、壮苗、开花、种子发育等主成成分。聚类分析将9个秋葵品种分成3类,并将红、绿色的秋葵品种区分开来。[结论]灰色关联分析与主成分分析结果基本一致,‘黄秋葵’表现最好,结实特性好,其次是‘绿美人’,这2个品种适于在晋中地区推广。

[Objectives] Present study was aimed to screen suitable okra ( A. esculentus L.) varieties which could adapt and be cultivated in the central part of Shanxi Province.[Methods] Nine okra varieties were selected as study materials, and 32 agronomic traits related to each variety′s seedling, plant form, leaf, flower, fruit, and seeds, were comprehensively assessed by variation analysis, principal component analysis, cluster analysis, and grey correlation analysis.[Results] The results showed that the variation coefficient were 2.13%~68.44%, and the highest variation coefficient was observed with internode length trait. There was significantly positive correlation between internode length and seed number,( P <0.05), pod length at 6-day old ( P <0.05), and pod length at 4-, and 8-day old ( P <0.01);while a significantly negative correlation was noticed with pod number and pod length at 2-day old ( P <0.05), and pod width at 6-day old ( P <0.01). Four principal components including pod development, vigorous seedling, flowering, and seed development were extracted by principal component analysis, and nine varieties were divided into 3 classes by cluster analysis, in which the red pod and green pod okra varieties were distinguished.[Conclusion] The results of grey correlation analysis was consistent with the principal component analysis results, which indicated that 'Huangqiukui' performed the best in the experimental area with the good seed productivity, and followed by 'Lvmeiren'. These two varieties are the most suitable ones for cultivation in the central part of Shanxi Province.