电动汽车电池热管理系统设计与分析

Design and analysis of battery thermal management system for electric vehicle

针对高功率、高比能的动力电池散热问题,提出结构紧凑、换热高效的制冷剂直接热传输的电池热管理系统(简称直冷式系统).以整车系统为背景,利用AMESim搭建空调制冷与电池热管理的耦合模型,从系统的温度响应和能耗角度,分析电池组及电池单体平均温降、温均、系统COP以及?效率.结果表明,直冷式系统具有较快的温度响应特性,在高温高速的稳态和动态工况下都可以对电池进行快速降温,实现了较好的温均性.在针对某一稳定工况进行能耗分析时,得出COP为4.19的较高的系统能效比,但系统的?效率为46.17%,存在进一步提升系统?效率的空间.

A refrigerant-based battery thermal management system with compact structure and high heat efficiency was proposed in order to solve the heat dissipation problem of high specific energy and superior energy density power battery.The coupling model of air-conditioning and battery thermal management was constructed by AMESim based on the whole vehicle system.The temperature drop and temperature uniformity of the single cell and battery module,the system's COP and exergy efficiency were analyzed from the point of view of system temperature response characteristics and system energy consumption.Results show that the refrigerant-based system has a fast temperature response characteristic.The battery can be quickly cooled,and a better temperature uniformity under high temperature and high speed steady state and dynamic conditions can be achieved.The energy analysis was conducted for a stable working condition,and a higher system energy efficiency ratio with a COP of 4.19 was obtained.The exergy efficiency of system was 46.17%,and there's the promotion space of system exergy efficiency.