基于地质主导作用的地质灾害类型划分

Classification of Geological Hazards Based on the Leading Geological Factor

地质灾害类型划分是灾害地质学的一个重要的基本理论问题,是开展地质灾害研究和管理的一项基础性工作,其分类是否科学合理,直接影响到地质灾害研究、勘查、管理及灾害防治、救灾准备、应急救援等一系列实践活动和地质灾害学科的建设与发展。首先总结前人对于地质灾害的认识,然后从地质灾害的概念出发,通过突出地质因素在地质灾害概念中的主要或主导作用,重新讨论地质灾害的灾种范围,将水土流失、土地荒漠化、农田土地污染等主要由生态环境恶化等人为作用造成的灾害不再归为地质灾害,并在此基础上结合前人研究成果进行地质灾害类型划分。

Classification of geological hazards is an important fundamental theoretical issue in disaster geology and the grounding in the research and management of geological hazards. The scientific and proper classification of geological hazards directly affects practices such as geological hazard research,exploration and management,disaster prevention,disaster relief preparation and emergency rescue,as well as the discipline construction and development of geological hazards. The predecessors’ views on geological hazards is summarized,the types and scopes of geological hazards based on the concept of geological hazards is discussed,and the classification of geological hazards on the basis of previous studies is adjusted.