综合健康教育对女性宫颈癌疾病认知情况、健康生活方式行为与健康状况的影响

Effect of comprehensive health education on cognition of cervical cancer,healthy lifestyle behavior and health status among females

目的 探讨综合健康教育对女性宫颈癌疾病认知情况、健康生活方式行为、健康状况的影响。方法 选取2015年3月至2017年12月于我院接受健康教育的妇科住院患者120例作为研究对象,随机将其等分为对照组和研究组。对照组给予常规健康教育,观察组给予综合健康教育,干预前,调查120例患者对宫颈癌和HPV认知情况,干预后,比较两组SF-36健康调查简表、宫颈癌筛查量表、健康生活方式行为量表评分。结果 120例患者中2.50%有宫颈癌家族史,62.50%不清楚宫颈癌的危险因素,83.33%未做过宫颈癌筛查,74.17%不清楚宫颈癌早期诊断的方法,94.17%未行过宫颈涂片检查,25.00%听说过HPV,最常获取HPV的信息来源是媒体和网络,77.50%不知道HPV疫苗,82.50%不愿意接种HPV疫苗,不愿意接种HPV疫苗最主要的原因是对HPV了解和认识不足。观察组患者进行宫颈癌和HPV健康教育后,生理职能、情感职能、一般健康状况、运动锻炼、营养、宫颈癌严重性与健康动机认识评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 健康教育在宫颈癌筛查中具有重要意义,有利于提高女性对宫颈癌的认知水平,提高其参与筛查的积极性,减少宫颈癌的发病率和致死率。

Objective To explore the effect of comprehensive health education on cognition of cervical cancer, healthy lifestyle behavior and health status among females. Methods To select 120 gynecological patients who received health education in our hospital from March 2015 to December 2017 as the study subjects. They were randomly divided into control group and study group with the same number of patients. The control group was given regular health education, while the observation group was given comprehensive health education. Before the intervention, we investigated the cognition of 120 patients towards cervical cancer and HPV. After the intervention, we compared scores of the SF-36 health survey summary, cervical cancer screening scale, and healthy lifestyle behavior scale between the two groups. Results Among the 120 patients, 2.50% of them had family history of cervical cancer, 62.50% of them didn't understand the risk factors for cervical cancer, 83.33% of them didn't have cervical cancer screening, 74.17% of them didn't know the early diagnosis of cervical cancer, and 94.17% of them didn't have cervical smear examination. Only 25.00% of the patients had heard of HPV, and they got the information about HPV mainly from media and network. Still there was 77.50% of the patients didn't know HPV vaccine, and 82.50% of the patients didn't want to receive HPV vaccine. The main reason was the insufficient awareness and understanding of HPV among these patients. After the cervical cancer and HPV health education, the physiological function, emotional function, general health status, exercise, nutrition, cervical cancer severity and health motivation awareness scores in the observation group were higher than that of the control group( P <0.05). Conclusion Health education is of great significance in cervical cancer screening. It is conducive to raising women's awareness of cervical cancer, increasing their enthusiasm for screening, and reducing the incidence and mortality of patients with cervical cancer.