孕晚期抗生素暴露对后代过敏性疾病及神经系统发育的影响

The effect of antibiotics exposure in the third trimester pregnancy on allergic diseases and nervous system development in offspring

目的 探讨孕晚期抗生素暴露对后代0~2岁过敏性疾病及2岁时神经系统发育的影响。方法 选取327例2013-01—2016-01河南省人民医院出生,且在孕晚期静脉使用抗生素的婴幼儿为实验组,随机选取与实验组出生及喂养情况相同,且孕晚期未使用抗生素的327例婴幼儿为对照组,比较2组0~2岁过敏性疾病的发生情况及2岁时神经系统发育情况。结果 孕晚期使用抗生素组婴幼儿0~2岁过敏性疾病的发生率高于孕晚期未使用抗生素组(23.2%vs13.1%),差异有统计学意义(χ^2=11.2,P=0.01)。孕晚期使用多种抗生素组婴幼儿0~2岁期间过敏性疾病发生率高于使用一种抗生素组(26.9%vs22.1%),但差异无统计学意义(χ^2=0.84,P=0.37)。2组2岁时神经系统发育差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 孕晚期抗生素暴露增加后代0~2岁过敏性疾病的发生风险,不影响2岁时的神经系统发育。

Objective The object of this study was to explore the effect of antibiotics exposure in the third trimester pregnancy on the incidence of allergic diseases in offspring at 0 2 years and the nervous system development at 2 years old. Methods 327 infants who were born in our hospital from January 2013 to January 2016,and the mother used antibiotics in third trimester pregnancy were selected as the experimental group.327 infants were randomly selected from our hospital who were born at the same gestational week,the same sex with experimental group,but without antibiotics exposure in the third trimester pregnancy as the control group.The incidence of allergic diseases in the 2 groups was compared at 0 2 years and the nervous system development was compared at 2 years old. Results The incidence of allergic diseases in offspring at 0 2 years in the antibiotics exposure group was higher than control group with statistical difference (23.2% vs 13.1%,χ^ 2 =11.2, P =0.01).Combination or multiple antibiotics exposure increased the incidence of allergic disease in the offspring at 0 2 years but without statistical difference (26.9% vs 22.1%,χ^2=0.84, P =0.37).There was no significant difference in nervous system development between the two groups at the age of 2. Conclusion Antibiotics exposure in the third trimester pregnancy increase the incidence of allergic diseases in offspring at 0 2 years but have no effect on the nervous system development at the age of 2.