好氧堆肥降解抗生素的研究进展

RESEARCH PROGRESS OF ANTIBIOTICS DEGRADATION IN AEROBIC COMPOSTING

抗生素滥用导致畜禽养殖场粪便中抗生素残留情况严重,将粪便作为肥料还田使用,可能会导致抗生素在土壤中扩散和累积,对生态环境安全和人类健康带来严重威胁。好氧堆肥是畜禽粪便资源化利用的一种重要途径,可高效地去除畜禽粪便中残留的抗生素,但目前对好氧堆肥过程中抗生素的去除机理尚不清楚。综述了我国不同地区、不同畜禽粪便中抗生素的残留浓度,分析好氧堆肥过程中抗生素去除的的影响因素,总结不同种类抗生素降解的动力学模型,概述现有抗生素检测方法,并提出好氧堆肥去除抗生素未来的研究重点,以期为畜禽粪便资源化利用提供技术支撑。

The abuse of antibiotics results in serious antibiotics residual in livestock manures, and application of manures to the fields as a fertilizer would lead to antibiotics diffusion and its accumulation in soil, and pose serious threat to ecological environment security and human health.As an effective method for resource utilization of livestock manures, aerobic composting could remove the residual antibiotics efficiently in the livestock manures, however, the removal mechanism of antibiotics during the aerobic composting process is still unclear until now.This paper summarized the residual antibiotics concentration of various livestock manures in different regions in China, and analyzed the influencing factors affecting the removal of antibiotics during the aerobic composting process, summarized the kinetics models for degradation of different kinds of antibiotics as well as the existing detection methods of antibiotics, and put forward the research emphasis of degradation of antibiotics in aerobic composting, hoping to provide technical support for resource utilization of livestock manures.