儿童互惠行为的产生机制及影响因素

A Review on Mechanisms and Influencing Factors of Children’s Reciprocal Behavior

互惠行为对于人类社会的进步与发展具有重要的意义,儿童互惠行为的产生及其影响因素是心理学、经济学等众多领域的研究者一直以来共同关注的议题。文章以心理学理论方法为指导,分析并提出一系列有关儿童互惠行为产生的机制及影响因素。其中,产生机制主要包括直接利益、心理收益等;影响因素则主要包括个体因素及外部影响因素两个方面。未来研究可注重新技术的应用,考察不同文化背景及互惠地位等不对等因素对儿童互惠行为的影响。

Reciprocity plays a significant role in the development of human society. This paper provides a critical review of mechanisms and its influencing factors in children s reciprocity. Key literature on generation mechanism of children s reciprocal behavior was reviewed and organized around four commonly used subdomains: direct benefit, psychological benefit, punishment and indebtedness. It also summarized the influence on children s reciprocal behavior through individual factors and external factors. Finally, it raises future research directions of reciprocity form experimental technique and cultural differences.