乡村振兴背景下宅基地“三权分置”的功能检视与实现路径

The Investigation into Function and Approach of Tripartite Entitlement System of Rural Residential Land in Rural Vitalization Strategy

研究目的:明确农村宅基地"三权分置"制度功能与乡村振兴战略总要求之间的内在联系,探究宅基地"三权分置"制度功能的实现方式。研究方法:通过政策文本分析和学理阐释,归纳宅基地"三权分置"的一般政策目标,运用法经济学分析方法揭示其政策目标的实现困境;运用规范研究方法,在乡村振兴背景下重新定位宅基地"三权分置"的制度功能。研究结果:乡村振兴战略下宅基地"三权分置"的政策功能,在于通过提高农村宅基地的综合利用效益,促进乡村产业发展。研究结论:在宅基地综合利用中应当以保障农民的居住权和收益权为前提,充分发挥农民集体对宅基地所有权的落实和行使,同时必须通过物权化方式保护社会主体的宅基地使用权。

The purpose of the paper is to delineate the internal relationship between the function of tripartite entitlement system of rural residential land system and the general requirements from rural vitalization strategy,and to explore the approach to realize the function of tripartite entitlement system of rural residential land.The research methods are as follows: firstly,through policy text analyze and theoretical interpretation,the general policy target of tripartite entitlement system of rural residential land are summarized;secondly,it reveals the dilemma of realizing its policy objectives by using the methods of law and economics analysis;thirdly,the normative research method is used to improve the institutional function of tripartite entitlement system of rural residential land in rural vitalization strategy.The results show that the function of tripartite entitlement system of rural residential land is to promote the development of rural industry by improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of residential land.The conclusion is that the premise of comprehensive utilization of residential land should be guaranteeing farmers' rights of residence and income and ensuring the implementation and exercise of farmers' collective ownership regarding rural residential land.Meanwhile, we should protect the right to use residential land of social subject through the real right.