某传染病医院院内感染现状及其影响因素研究

Study on the nosocomial infection status in infectious disease hospitals and its influencing factors

目的了解某传染病医院院内感染状况、影响因素,为采取有针对性的感染控制(感控)措施提供参考依据。方法2017年10月,该院搬入新院区,院内物理分区合理规范,选取2017年11月至2018年4月该院出院患者进行医院内感染现状调查分析,并采用χ2检验、二元logistics回归分析等统计方法探索其影响因素。结果该院为传染病医院,收治的患者中近60.0%患有慢性病毒性肝炎、肝硬化、肺结核等。以出院患者为统计口径,医院内感染率维持在1.0%左右,医院内感染患者主要在肝科聚集(占56.0%),医院内感染部位以呼吸道感染为主(占47.0%),医院内感染病原微生物以革兰阴性菌为主(占63.0%)。影响患者医院内感染的危险因素主要有住院时间、侵袭性操作、肝硬化(P<0.05)。结论合理规范的院内分区,医务人员较高的感控意识可有效维持较低的医院内感染率。对具有肝硬化等危险因素的患者应重点关注,提高其免疫力,加强护理管理以防止医院内感染的发生。

Objective To understand the nosocomial infection status and influencing factors in infectious diseases hospital.To provide a reference basis for targeted measures of infection control. Methods In October 2017,the hospital moved into the new hospital area,and the physical division of the hospital was reasonable and standardized.The patients discharged from the hospital from November 2017 to April 2018 were selected for the investigation and analysis of the status of infection in the hospital.χ 2 test,binary logistics regression analysis and other statistical methods were used to explore the influencing factors. Results The hospital is a hospital for infectious diseases.Nearly 60.0% of the patients admitted to the hospital suffer from chronic viral hepatitis,cirrhosis and tuberculosis.According to the statistics of discharged patients,the infection rate in the hospital was maintained at about 1.0 %,the infection rate in the hospital was mainly concentrated in the liver department (accounting for 56.0%),the infection site in the hospital was mainly respiratory tract infection (accounting for 47.0%),and the pathogenic microorganisms in the hospital were mainly gram-negative bacteria (accounting for 63.0%).The main risk factors for nosocomial infection were length of stay,invasive operation,cirrhosis of the liver ( P <0.05). Conclusion Reasonable and standard hospital area,high sense of infection control of medical staff can effectively maintain low infection rate in hospital.Patients with cirrhosis and other risk factors should be focused on,improve their immunity,strengthen nursing management to prevent the occurrence of hospital infection.