城市地区4.5-5.5岁儿童入学准备水平现状调查——以黑龙江省H市为例

An Investigation on School Readiness of Preschool Children in Urban Area——Take H City of Hei Longjiang Province as an Example

本研究基于英国剑桥大学入学准备之《早期技能与支持指标评估简表》(BESSI),对黑龙江省H市A、B、C、D四所幼儿园的4个大班,共计101名4.5—5.5岁儿童进行入学准备水平评估。结果发现:城市地区大班4.5—5.5岁儿童入学准备具有片面性、不均衡性以及性别差异性,具体表现为:在语言和认知发展领域准备最为充分,不存在明显问题;在行为适应及日常生活技能方面,部分学前儿童入学准备不足;在家庭支持方面指导缺位或指导不当;入学准备水平在性别上存在显著差异,且男童入学准备水平低于女童。基于此,在学前儿童的入学准备工作中,不同利益相关者尽量关注儿童的性别差异;关注入学准备的重要性;构建科学化的认知准备内容;强调家庭支持在入学准备中的关键作用;提供综合化的入学准备专项服务,以提升学前儿童的入学准备水平。

In this study. 4 representative sample kindergartens were selected for aasessing 101 children by using The Brief Early Skills and Support Index(BRSSI)after the statistical examination and revision. TKe results show that children's school readiness level is one-sided, unbalanced and gender-sensitive in urban area: firstly, cliildren are well prepared in their language and cognitive ability;secondly.some of the children are not ready in behavioral adjustment and daily living abilities;thirdly, some of the parents cannot provide correct and positive family support;lastly, gender differences are distinctive in children's school readiness,and girls perform well in general. To solve these problems,all the related parties should Firstly pay attention to gender differences, develop awareness of the importance of school readiness, build scientific contents for cognition preparation, emphasize on the key role of family support and offer special and comprehensive service to improve children's school readiness.