皮凯蒂是马克思主义者吗?——欧美学者关于《21世纪资本论》理论渊源的争论

Is Piketty a Marxist: A Debate on the Intellectual Foundation of Capital in the Twenty-First Century in the Academic Circle of Europe and America

欧美学者以《21世纪资本论》为载体,对皮凯蒂与马克思的关系展开了激烈争论。大致可分为以下三种观点:第一,认为皮凯蒂是21世纪的“新马克思主义者”。二者在理论前提、研究主题、政策取向等方面有相似之处。第二,认为皮凯蒂不是马克思主义者。他们在理论立场、思想渊源、理论建构、核心范畴等方面存在显著差异。第三,认为皮凯蒂是主流经济学与马克思政治经济学的混合体。具体来说:皮凯蒂理论融合了主流经济学与马克思政治经济学;皮凯蒂与马克思存在形式影射关系,但理论建构实质不同;皮凯蒂与马克思阐述的内容有一定程度的关联。通过文献梳理分析,我们认为皮凯蒂不是马克思主义者;右翼学者的这种贴标签行为无法对抗全球普遍存在的贫富悬殊现实,重新审视并思考社会不平等问题才是当前的要务。

A large debate about the relationship between Thomas Piketty and Karl Marx was stirred in Europe and America since The Capital in the Twenty-first Century was published in march 2014. The opinions may be classified as follows. First, Piketty is Marxist because they are resembled in assumption, research topic, policy orientation. Second, the two are distinguished in theoretical position, ideological roots, theory construction, core category. Third, Piketty is a hybrid of mainstream economics and Marx's political economics. Besides Piketty resembles George Henry in the opinion of the relationship between equity and efficiency, in contrast with Marx. We think that Piketty is not a Marxist based on a lot of documents review and analysis. Right-wing scholars can not turn a blind eye when people around the world are concerning about social inequality. It is important to examine and think about this question.