论毒品犯罪的共犯认定思路

Identification of Accomplice in Drug Crime

毒品犯罪中,在各参与主体共同策划、分工协作、共同完成犯罪的典型情况下,认定共犯关系并不困难,但在各相关主体之间联络松散、行为相对独立、利益关联度弱的边际地带,共犯关系的认定疑难复杂、界限模糊。从共同犯罪的本质出发,共同犯罪意志是危害行为的参与者成立共犯的内在依据。在司法实践中,对他人实施的毒品犯罪行为客观上起到了帮助或者促进作用的行为,要认定为毒品犯罪共犯,应当具备以下三个条件:一是对行为人而言,应当具有参与到他人实施的毒品犯罪中的意思表示;二是各共同参与人对于相互配合共同完成该毒品犯罪达成了合意;三是对其他参与者而言,行为人实施该行为的主要意义在于帮助毒品犯罪的完成。只有按照上述思路进行司法认定,才能够真正做到不枉不纵,罚当其罪。

In drug crimes, it is quite difficult to identify the accomplice relationship under the atypical circumstances where the links among the participants are loose. Starting from the essence of joint crime, the will of joint crime is the internal basis for the establishment of accomplice by the participants of harmful acts. When identifying an accomplice who has objectively helped or promoted certain drug crime committed by others, three conditions should be met. Firstly, the actor should have the intention to participate in the crime;Secondly, the joint participants reach a consensus to cooperate with each other to complete the crime;Thirdly, for other participants, the main significance of the actor to carry out the behavior is to help complete the crime. Only in accordance with the preceding ideas of judicial determination, can we truly achieve the balance of crime and punishment.