人力资本结构与技术创新模式关系研究

Research on the Relationship between Human Capital Structure and Technological Innovation Model

人力资本结构对于技术创新模式具有决定性影响,我国区域人力资本结构的不同导致了技术创新模式的差异。文章首先将技术创新系统要素分解为构思形成、研究开发、生产和销售四个阶段,在对人力资本和技术创新分类进行文献梳理的基础上,将人力资本分为研发型、技能型、管理型和营销型人力资本四类,并且依据受教育年限将宏观人力资本结构划分为初级、中级和高级人力资本;同时将技术创新分为自主创新和模仿创新。最后通过分析不同技术创新模式下每一个技术创新阶段所对应的人力资本类型,得出结论:对于自主创新起作用的主要是高级人力资本,而对于模仿创新,中级和高级人力资本都对其产生重要作用;初级人力资本对于技术创新的作用非常有限,并且不是必要条件。

Regional human capital structure is decisive for the technological innovation model.The different regional human capital structure in different regions of China have led to different technological innovation model.Firstly,the process of technological innovation is divided into four stages:concept formation,research and development,production and sales.Then,on the basis of literature review of human capital and technological innovation classification,human capital is divided into four categories:R&D、skilled、managerial and marketing human capital,and according to the length of education,the macro human capital structure is divided into primary,intermediate and advanced human capital.At the same time,technological innovation is divided into independent innovation and imitation innovation.Finally,it is concluded that:advanced human capital is key and necessary for independent innovation and for imitation innovation,both intermediate and advanced human capital are important;primary human capital is not a necessary condition for technological innovation.