车对车三维信道建模及其空-时相关特性分析

3D channel modeling and space-time correlation analysis for V2V communications

针对车对车(V2V)通信系统无线传播场景的复杂性,基于几何随机信道建模方法,提出了一种改进的3D MIMO V2V信道参考模型,依据方位角及仰角间确切的几何关系,导出了信道的空时相关函数及空多普勒功率谱密度,分析了信道相关特性影响因素。结果表明,信道相关性在非各向同性散射环境下与散射体分布、天线阵列角度密切相关,在各向同性散射环境下受天线阵列仰角影响,高车流密度场景信道空时相关性明显低于低车流密度场景。同时,使用合理参数计算方法得到对应的仿真模型,仿真结果验证了模型的准确性。所提模型提高了通信系统分析及仿真效率,拓展了V2V信道模型研究及应用。

To match complex wireless propagation scenarios,an improved 3D geometry-based stochastic model was proposed for vehicle to vehicle(V2V)communications channel.The exact relationship between the azimuth angle and elevation angle was taken into account and the corresponding space-time correlation function and space-Doppler power spectral density were derived,and the influence of important factors was analyzed.The observations and conclusions show that correlation characteristics is closely related to distribution of the scatterers and the angle of the antenna array under the non-isotropic scattering environment and is affected by the elevation angle of the antenna array under the isotropic scattering environment.And the space-time correlation characteristics in high vehicular traffic density is significantly lower than that in low vehicular traffic density.The corresponding simulation model is also derived by using a reasonable parameter calculation method.The simulation results validate the rationality of proposed model.It greatly im-proves analysis and simulation efficiency of V2V MIMO system.