农民住房财产权抵押贷款失约风险防控机制研究——基于福建晋江的实践经验

Study on Prevention and Control of Default Risk in Homestead Mortgage——Based on the Practical Experience in Jinjiang City,Fujian Province

农民住房财产权抵押贷款业务的开展无疑是农村产权制度改革的一大突破,也是宅基地制度改革的重要方面。其对于盘活农村住房资产,扩宽农民融资渠道,推动农村经济发展都有着重要作用。然而由于农户可能存在的信用失范、生产经营活动的不确定性以及抵押物处置障碍,使得抵押贷款业务往往面临失约风险,因此如何对抵押贷款中的失约风险进行合理管控是宅基地制度改革稳妥有序推进的关键。本文通过总结福建晋江农房抵押贷款实践在农村信用体系建设、创新抵押模式、抵押物流转处置等方面的风险策略,提出防控农房抵押贷款失约风险应从贷前风险防范、贷中风险缓释、贷后风险处置三个方面着手,形成一套完善的风险防控体系,切实做到积极稳妥和风险可控的基本目标。

There is no doubt that homestead mortgage is a breakthrough in rural property right system reform,and it is an important aspect of homestead system reform. Homestead mortgage does contribute to revitalizing the rural housing assets,expanding farmers financing channels,and promoting rural economic development. However,because of some possible factors such as credit absence,the uncertainty of production and operating activities,and obstacles to the disposal of collateral,the default risk is inevitably. So to prevent and control the default risk is critical to promote homestead system reform moderately. This article summarizes the risk control measures including rural credit system construction,innovative mortgage mode,and transfer and disposal of collateral and so on. Then this study puts forward that the prevention and control of the default risk should start from three aspects: risk prevention before loan,risk mitigation in loan,and risk disposition,to form a set of perfect risk prevention and control system,and finally achieve the basic purpose of being positive,stable,and risk-controllable in homestead mortgage.