桨-轴系统回转振动参数影响规律研究

Research on Influence Law of Rotational Vibration Parameters on Propeller-shaft System

为了评估某船桨-轴系统支撑参数对轴系回转振动特性的影响,建立了桨-轴系统有限元与动力学耦合模型,研究了桨-轴系统在不同支撑刚度和支撑位置条件下的固有特性和传递特性及其回转振动参数的影响规律,进而提出了控制桨-轴系统横向振动加速度幅值的方法.结果表明,支撑刚度和支撑位置对轴系固有频率的影响主要在某些特定敏感区域;对于三支撑结构轴系,减小前部轴承与中间轴承刚度有利于衰减轴系横向振动,增加尾部支撑刚度有利于衰减低频振动所对应的振动幅值;中间轴承靠近前部轴承则易衰减低频振动所对应的加速度幅值,反之易衰减高频振动所对应的幅值.

In order to evaluate the influence of the support parameters of a certain propeller-shaft system on the rotational vibration characteristics of the shaft system, the FE (finite element) and dynamic coupled model of the propeller-shaft system were established. The inherent characteristics and transmission characteristics of the propeller-shaft system under different support stiffness and support positions as well as the influence law of the rotational vibration parameters were studied, and then a method to control the amplitude of the lateral vibration acceleration of the propeller-shaft system was proposed. The results show that the influence of support stiffness and support position on the natural frequency of the shaft is mainly in some specific sensitive areas. For a three-support shafting, reducing the stiffness of the front bearing and the middle bearing is beneficial to damping the transverse vibration of the shafting, and increasing the stiffness of the rear support is beneficial to damping the vibration amplitude corresponding to the low-frequency vibration. If the middle bearing is close to the front bearing, it is easy to attenuate the acceleration amplitude corresponding to low-frequency vibration, whereas it is easy to attenuate the amplitude corresponding to high-frequency vibration.