从物质生存到民族文化生存——美国丹佛市傣泐人现状调查研究

From Subsistence Survival to Ethnic and Cultural Survival:Findings about the Dai-Lue and Lao-Lue People Living in Denver City of the US

在美国科罗拉多州丹佛市约居住有1200余名祖籍中国西双版纳和老挝勐勇的傣泐人,是美国傣泐人最集中的地区。当地傣泐人来到美国最早的已有40余年,是1975年印支战争结束后来到美国的移民,随后的第二代、第三代在美国出生。移居到美国丹佛市的傣泐人社会生活经历了三个阶段:适应当地生活环境;稳定生活并融入美国社会生活;重构宗教与社会关系。目前通过民族认同的构建、以佛教信仰为中心的传统文化复兴、民族组织的建设,当地的傣泐人被组织起来,在当地社会中构建起一个以民族为基础、以丹佛市为主要居住区域、以佛教为文化纽带、以协会为组织框架的傣泐人社区。傣泐人内部的凝聚力不断增强,在当地社会中的能见度也不断提升,从一个分散的移民群体在当地社会中发展为一个新的族群,正在美国土地上完成一个从物质生存到文化生存的过程。

There are around 1200 Dai-Lue and Lao-Lue ethnic people,who migrated from Xishuangbanna of China and Muang Yo. of Laos,living in Denver City,Colorado,forming the largest Dai-Lue and Lao-Lue community in the US. The earliest Dai-Lue and Lao-Lue comers have settled there for about 40 years,and others are the second and third generation Lue who were born in the US. The social life of the Lue people who migrated to Denver City has undergone three phases:( a) adapting to the local social environment;( b) getting settled down and integrating into the American society;( c) rebuilding their ethnic identity as well as cultural and religious traditions in the US. Currently,a Dai-Lue and Lao-Lue society is in the forming in Denver based on the Lue ethnic identity,Theravada belief,the Lue ethnic culture and the associational relationship. Such a situation has not only enhanced the subsistence of the Lue people in the US,but also gathered separate Lue immigrants into a closely connected and socially well organized ethnic group,which has gained growing recognition of the American society. Thus,the Lue in the US is about to complete the course from subsistence survival to cultural survival.