一种背负式电动果枝修剪机的设计与试验

Design and test of a knapsack electric fruit branch trimmer

设计一种背负式电动修剪机,对锯切过程进行动力学和运动学分析,建立基于功率和扭矩的函数模型。以修剪功率、扭矩和切口质量为指标,利用理论分析选出主要影响因素,进行混合正交试验,采用极差分析和方差分析,对最优组合参数进行预测。通过锯盘台架试验,得出修剪机工作时的最佳组合参数为,锯盘齿数为40、直径为180mm、转速为2000r/min。利用优化后试制的修剪机对直径为30mm的柑橘树枝进行验证性试验,结果表明,平均切口质量降低2.8%、扭矩降低0.3%、功率上升2.6%,变化均较小,验证了台架试验的合理性和有效性,此参数组合能有效降低修剪功率,满足修剪要求。

A knapsack electric trimmer was designed to perform dynamic and kinematic analysis of the sawing process and to build a functional model based on power and torque. Taking the trimming power,torque and cutting quality as indicators,the main influencing factors were selected by theoretical analysis,and the mixed orthogonal test was carried out. The optimal combination parameters were predicted by range analysis and variance analysis. The results showed that the optimal number of cutter teeth,the diameter,and the speed was 40,180 mm,and 2 000 r/min,respectively. The test results of verification test of citrus branches with a diameter of 30 mm using an optimized pruning machine showed that the average incision quality and the torque was reduced by 2.8% and 0.3%,the power was increased by 2.6%,and the variation was small. The rationality and effectiveness of the bench test was verified. This combination of parameters can effectively reduce the trimming power and meet the trimming requirements.