长编考异法与编年体的演进

Long Compilation Test Method and the Evolution of the Chronology

近年来,近现代史研究领域涌现出数量可观的长编,反映出资料繁多与叙述既贯通又简要两难的紧张。如果仅仅是资料长编或特定人事的言行录大事记,难免年谱简单放大的讥评。因缘陈寅恪等人提倡的长编考异与域外比较研究相参合之法,取材详备,汇聚异同,事类相从,参考校异,长编即能够兼具整理史料与著史的无二功能,进而可以摆脱年谱附庸的地位,成为独立存在的编年体之变相新体。

In recent years, a large number of long-compiled works have emerged in the field of modern and contemporary research, reflecting the tension between narration and the vast amount of information. If the chronicle is only a long-term compilation of information or a special account of a person’s words and deeds,it is inevitable to have simply enlarged criticisms. Because of the long-term test and complementary study of extraterritorial comparison research advocated by Chen Yinque, the materials are detailed, the similarities and differences are analyzed, the events are related, and the long-term editing can combine the functions of historical materials and history. Therefore, long-term editing can dispense with the status of the chronology of the chronology and become a new disguised form of the independent chronology.