论生态环境损害侵权责任的立法进路——《民法典侵权责任编(草案)》(二次审议稿)第七章存在的问题及解决

On the compensation of environmental damage——problems and solutions on the Tort Liability Part of China Civil Code (Draft of Second Review)

《民法典侵权责任编(草案)》(二次审议稿)未明确解决生态环境损害纠纷类型化问题,在基本概念、归责原则、举证责任、生态修复与赔偿损失的关系方面,仍需进一步修正。应明确生态环境损害的基本概念,对于纯生态环境损害以及因此造成的人身、财产损害适用不同的归责原则和举证责任,严格限定惩罚性赔偿的适用条件,完善“第三人过错”相关表述,合理分配生态修复责任。

The Tort Liability Part of China Civil Code (Draft of Second Review) does not solve the problem of classifying the environmental damage disputes, it is still necessary to make some amendment to the clauses in respect of basic concepts, culpability principle, burden of proof and the relationship between ecological renovation and compensation. We should define the concept of ecological damage, restrict the conditions of punitive damages, clarify the expression of the fault of the third party, and distribute the ecological renovation liability.