泵闸口门航道段通航水流条件改善措施研究

Research on Improvement Measures for Navigation Flow Condition at Entrance of Sluice-pump Station

泵闸运行时闸下出流集中,短距离内难以充分扩散,口门区域水流条件较差,流速不均匀性较大,流速偏大。对于通航河道,口门区船舶的通航安全可能受到影响。结合工程实例,利用二维平面潮流数学模型,分析计算了泵闸运行对内、外河通航的影响,并针对不满足通航要求的内河航道,从提高流速均匀性与整体减小流速两个角度,模拟计算了直线型布置、眉型布置和花瓣型布置导流墩墙,以及竣深河道四种整流措施下的典型工况,对流速分布、特征断面不均匀系数以及航道内最大横流等进行了分析和比较。结果表明:设置导流墩以及扩大过水断面均能有效减小河道最大横流;从扩散效果,工程投资,施工难度等多方面综合考虑,工程推荐眉型导流墩+竣深方案,使口门区域最大横流满足通航要求。

The concentrated discharge flow of sluice-pump station is difficult to fully diffuse within a short distance. The flow condition at entrance area is poor, and the current velocity is usually high and non-uniform. For navigable rivers, the navigable safety of vessels at the entrance area may be affected. Based on engineering example, the 2D plane tidal current mathematical model is used to analyze and calculate the influence of sluice-pump operation on the navigation in inland river and outer river. And for the inland waterways that do not meet the navigation requirements, from the angles of improving the flow uniformity and decreasing the overall current speed, the typical conditions of linear layout, eyebrow layout and petal layout diversion pier walls, and riverbed excavation under the four engineering measures are simulated and calculated, and the flow velocity distribution, the non-uniform coefficient of characteristic section and the maximum transverse flow of channel are compared and analyzed. The result shows that the setup of diversion piers and the expansion of flow cross section can all effectively reduce the maximum transverse flow of river, and from the aspects of diffusion effect, engineering investment and construction difficulty, the eyebrow-type diversion pier + riverbed excavation scheme is recommended in order to make the maximum transverse flow at the entrance area meet the navigation requirements.