金属有机骨架在生物分子固定化中的应用研究进展

Application and Research Progress of Metal-Organic Frameworks(MOFs) in Biomolecule Immobilization

金属有机骨架(MOFs)是由金属离子簇与有机配体组成的三维复合结构,具有比表面积大、种类多、负载量大、结构稳定等特征,其多孔结构能够维持生物分子构型、增强生物稳定性、提高生物分子负载效率。生物或药物分子通过表面固定、扩散固定或封装固定负载在MOFs表面或内部,MOFs能够通过调节金属离子簇与有机配体设计出具有不同孔隙率、不同孔径的生物亲和性多孔骨架结构。对近年来MOFs在酶固定化、细胞固定化、核酸固定化、药物固定化方面的应用研究进展进行了综述,为生物分子固定载体材料的研究提供了新的方向与理论支持。

The metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) have a typical three\|dimensional composite structure,which are constituted by metal ions or cluster and organic ligands.MOFs have the characteristics of large specific surface areas,various types,capacity of more loads,and stable structures.The porous structure of MOFs can maintain biomolecular configuration,enhance biological stability,and improve the loading efficiency of biomolecules.Biomolecules can be stably loaded on the surface or inside of MOFs by surface immobilization,diffusion immobilization or encapsulation immobilization.By adjusting metal ions or cluster and organic ligands,MOFs can be designed with different porosity,pore size,bioaffinity,which can adapt the requirements of the loaded material.We systematically summarize the application and research progress of MOFs in enzyme immobilization,cell immobilization,nucleic acid immobilization,and drug immobilization,which can provide a new research direction for the biomolecule immobilization carrier.