生态环境保护与农业精准扶贫协调发展机制研究——以四川藏区为例

Study on the Coordinated Development of Eological Environmental Protection and Targeted Poverty Alleviation Through the Agricutural Mode Peculiar to the Tibetan Areas of Sichuan

低水平的农业发展方式打破了四川藏区农业生态系统平衡,使该区域面临着严重的农业生态环境问题。因地制宜地发展特色农业,促进生态环境保护,促进产业精准扶贫协调发展,对四川藏区经济社会发展和民生改善具有重要意义。文章采用文献研究法和归纳总结法,对四川藏区农业生态环境脆弱的作用机制、农业生态环境保护与特色农业精准扶贫的统一性及驱动因素进行分析,可以看出区域贫困、经济发展滞后、人力资源不足是四川藏区农业生态环境恶化的重要诱因,农业生态环境保护与特色农业精准扶贫在价值取向、发展路径、发展目标上具有统一性,资源禀赋、基础设施、产业基础等内部因素以及政府主导、市场需求和社会参与等外部因素是二者协调发展的驱动因素。四川藏区应将产业发展与生态环境承载能力和资源禀赋条件有机结合,大力发展生态农业、生态牧业、生态林业等特色农业,优化区域资源配置,降低资源消耗,改善生态环境,走农业生态环境保护与特色农业协调发展之路。

The low-level agricultural development has broken the balance of the agricultural ecosystem in the Tibetan area of Sichuan and imposed serious ecological problems related to agriculture in this area. Thus it is highly important for this region to boost its economic and social progress and improve people’s livelihood. By means of developing the unique form of agriculture built on its own strengths and promoting the coordinated progress of ecological environmental protection and industrial targeted poverty alleviation. A literature review has been conducted prior to the study and conclusion has been reached in terms of the working mechanism of the weak agricultural eco-environment,the integration of the agricultural eco-environmental protection,and the targeted poverty alleviation by the means of both the agricultural mode peculiar to the Tibetan areas of Sichuan as well as their underlying driving forces. Regional poverty,sluggish economic development,and labor shortage are the crucial causes of agricultural ecological deterioration in this region. The protection of agricultural eco-environment and targeted poverty alleviation by means of the characteristic agriculture share a common value orientation,development path,and development goals. The driving forces required to realize a coordinated development of the two countermeasures include such internal factors as resources,infrastructure,and industrial conditions,as well as such external factors as government-initiative,market demand,and social engagement. The Tibetan areas in Sichuan should strive for the effective integration of industrial development,eco-environmental accommodation capabilities,and its resources,through strengthening the development of ecological agriculture,ecological husbandry,ecological forestry,and other featured agriculture. Efforts should be made to optimize regional resource allocation,reduce resource consumption,and improve the ecological environment,ushering in a path of coordinated development of agricultural eco-environmental protection and the characteristic agriculture.