Effects of harvesting time and processing on the contents of five alkaloids in the herbaceous stems of Ephedra sinica

采收和炮制对麻黄中五种生物碱含量的影响（英文）

In the present study,we studied the changes of the contents of alkaloids in the herbaceous stems of Ephedra sinica during different harvest periods as well as before and after processing.The alkaloid contents of 39 batches of ephedra herb,prepared slices ephedra and honey-fried ephedra,24 batches of ephedra herb with different harvesting periods,which were all collected from cultivation base in Inner Mongolia,and 38 batches of prepared slices ephedra purchased from the market were detected by taking norephedrine(NE),norpseudoephedrine(NPE),ephedrine(E),pseudoephedrine(PE)and methylephedrine(ME)as indicators by using HPLC method.The content of total alkaloid in prepared slices ephedra(1.71%–3.14%)was higher than that in ephedra herb(1.20%–2.53%)and honey-fried ephedra(1.52%–2.99%).Contents of different alkaloids in these three types of samples were significantly different.Prepared slices ephedra and honey-fried ephedra showed significant differences in the contents of NE,NPE and ME(P<0.05),and the contents of E were significantly different between ephedra herb and honey-fried ephedra(P<0.05).The total alkaloid content of ephedra herb was the highest in September(3.10%).Alkaloid contents of prepared slices ephedra collected in the market were uneven and 13%–91%lower than those collected from cultivation base.The results provided a basis for the quality evaluation of ephedra herb and its processed products,and had certain guiding significance for the selection of processed ephedra according to different drug purposes in clinical application.It also provided data support for the harvesting time of ephedra herb.

本文对麻黄药材及饮片以及不同采收期的麻黄中生物碱的含量进行了研究。以去甲基麻黄碱、去甲基伪麻黄碱、麻黄碱、伪麻黄碱、甲基麻黄碱为指标成分,采用HPLC方法对产自内蒙古麻黄种植基地的39批麻黄药材、麻黄饮片和蜜麻黄以及24批不同采收期的麻黄药材和购于药材市场的38批麻黄饮片进行了测定。总生物碱在麻黄饮片(1.71%–3.14%)中含量高于麻黄药材(1.20%–2.53%)和蜜麻黄(1.52%–2.99%),不同生物碱含量在麻黄药材、麻黄饮片、蜜麻黄有显著性差异:麻黄饮片和蜜麻黄中去甲基麻黄碱、去甲基伪麻黄碱和甲基麻黄碱含量有显著性差异(P<0.05),麻黄药材和蜜麻黄中麻黄碱含量有显著性差异(P<0.05)。麻黄中总生物碱含量在9月份最高。在药材市场收集的麻黄饮片中生物碱含量差异较大,且明显低于种植基地收集的麻黄。该结果为麻黄及其炮制品的质量评价提供了基础,并对根据临床应用选择麻黄炮制品有着一定的指导意义,同样也为麻黄的采收时间提供了数据支持。