中山地区病毒性腹泻患儿病原体感染情况及流行病学特点分析

Pathogen analysis and epidemiological characteristics of viral diarrhea in hospitalized children in Zhongshan area

目的 了解中山地区病毒性腹泻患儿病原体的感染情况及流行病学特点。方法 收集该院2017年1月至2018年12月4 401例腹泻患儿的粪便标本,对4种病毒(轮状病毒、诺如病毒、腺病毒、星状病毒)进行检测,收集相关资料并进行统计分析。结果 共发现1 107例病毒性腹泻患儿,总阳性检出率为25.2%( 1 107/4 401 )。轮状病毒感染898例,诺如病毒感染91例,肠道腺病毒感染70例,星状病毒感染52例。轮状病毒1、2、3、12月为高发月份,诺如病毒、肠道腺病毒和星状病毒检出率低,流行季节性不明显。男性与女性患儿轮状病毒感染率相似;年龄分布方面,5岁以下患儿易感。结论 中山地区病毒性腹泻患儿的主要病原体为轮状病毒,1、2、3、12月为高发月份,5岁以下儿童易感,应加强对病毒性腹泻的监测,预防暴发疫情尤其是轮状病毒感染的发生。

Objective To investigate the infection and epidemiological characteristics of viral diarrheal pathogens in hospitalized children in Zhongshan area. Methods Four faucal enteroviruses (rotavirus,norovirus,adenovirus,astrovirus) were examined from January 2017 to December 2018 in the Hospital.Relevant data were collected and statistical analysis was conducted. Results The total positive detection rate was 25.2%( 1 107/ 4 401),898 cases infected with rotavirus,91 cases infected with norovirus,70 cases infected with intestinal adenovirus,and 52 cases infected with astrovirus.The peak period was January,February,March,and December of rotavirus.While,detection rates of noroviruses,adenoviruses,and astrovirus were low,and the seasonal prevalence was not obvious.There was no significant difference in the gender distribution of rotavirus infection.In terms of age distribution,children under 5 years of age were vulnerable. Conclusion The main pathogen of viral diarrhea in hospitalized children is rotavirus in Zhongshan area.The peak period is January,February,March,and December.Children under the age of 5 are vulnerable and the incidence under 2 years old is relativity higher.It is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of viral diarrhea,and to prevent outbreaks,especially rotavirus infections.