烟粉虱MEAM1和AsiaⅡ7隐种对不同寄主的选择性和生态适应性

Selectivity and adaptability between MEAM1 and AsiaⅡ7 cryptic species of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) to different host plants

广东省感染木尔坦棉花曲叶病毒(CLCuMuV)的朱槿上烟粉虱隐种为MEAM1和AsiaⅡ7混合种群,并且AsiaⅡ7是该病毒有效传毒介体,明确这两个隐种的寄主选择性差异,能够为介体烟粉虱的防治提供依据。本研究选择锦葵科的棉花、黄秋葵和茄科的茄子、番茄4种寄主植物为供试寄主,通过笼内自由扩散、实验室嗅觉测定、发育观察,比较了MEAM1和AsiaⅡ7隐种对不同寄主的选择性和生态适应性。结果表明:烟粉虱MEAM1和AsiaⅡ7对4种寄主存在明显的寄主选择性,MEAM1成虫和产卵选择趋性为棉花>茄子>番茄>黄秋葵;AsiaⅡ7成虫和产卵选择趋性为棉花>黄秋葵>茄子>番茄。MEAM1和AsiaⅡ7在4种寄主上的发育历期、存活率有显著差异,MEAM1的存活率(卵到成虫)在棉花、茄子、黄秋葵上均较高(80%以上),番茄上最低(59%);AsiaⅡ7的存活率(卵到成虫)为棉花(90%)>黄秋葵(71%)>茄子(64%),在番茄上发育至1龄全部死亡。上述结果表明,4种作物均适宜MEAM1生长发育,锦葵科的2种作物适宜AsiaⅡ7隐种生长发育,茄科的2种作物不适宜。应避免棉花与黄秋葵近距离种植,防止传毒介体烟粉虱将黄秋葵作为桥梁寄主将病毒传播至棉花。

Bemisia tabaci were a mixture of MEAM1 and AsiaⅡ7 cryptic species in China rose plants ( Hibiscus rosa-sinensis ) infected with Cotton leaf curl Multan virus (CLCuMuV), AsiaⅡ7 is transmissible vector for CLCuMuV. Through a free diffusion observation in cages, the behavior mechanisms of host selection, growth of MEAM1 and AsiaⅡ7 cryptic species were investigated on cotton, okra, eggplant and tomato to understand host selectivity and adaptability. Our results showed that the whitefly was obviously characteristic in host selection. The selectivity of MEAM1 were cotton> eggplant> tomato>okra, the selectivity of AsiaⅡ7 were cotton>okra>eggplant>tomato. The suitability parameters for larval developing time,survivorship from larval to adult were significantly influenced by different hosts. The survivorship(from egg to adult)of MEAM1 were higher on cotton, eggplant and okra (more than 80%), and lower on tomato (59%). The survivorship (from egg to adult) of AsiaⅡ7 were cotton (90%)>okra (71%)>eggplant (64%), and dead at 1 st instar on tomato. Our results indicated that the okra and cotton were more suitable for AsiaⅡ7. Consequently, okra should not planted in the near vicinity of cotton plantings, because of possible transfer the CLCuMuV from these plants.