促进学习情境转化的增强现实学习资源设计研究

The Study on Augmented Reality Learning Resources Design to Promote the Transformation of Learning Situation

有效学习的发生依赖于学习情境由始源情境(受客观条件制约的现实世界)向目标情境(有利于学习者知识建构的情境)转化,AR技术的出现为赋能情境学习、变革学习方式创造了条件。然而,当前的AR学习资源设计理念与方法尚未完全适应学习者的需求,致使现有的许多AR学习资源未能在推动情境转化方面充分发挥作用。该文基于多媒体画面语言的视角提出了优化AR学习资源的新理念与新方法,力图通过系统、科学的设计促使AR学习资源画面在学习者头脑中形成"亮点"新质,进而实现情境的转化。其中,新理念包括:AR学习资源画面的全新内涵、由学习资源画面引发的"新质"是实现学习情境转化的关键因素、符合学习者认知规律的AR学习资源画面设计是形成"亮点"新质的重要途径;新方法是通过构建AR学习资源画面设计理论模型与操作模型,促使AR学习资源画面设计成为规范、具体、流程性的设计活动。

The occurrence of effective learning depends on the transformation from the original situation(the real world restricted by objective conditions) to the target situation(which is conducive to learners’ undefined knowledge construction). The emergence of AR technology creates conditions for enabling situational learning and changing learning methods. However, the current design concepts and methods of AR learning resources have not yet fully adapted to the needs of learners, so many existing AR learning resources have failed to play a full role in promoting situational transformation. Based on the view of Linguistics for Multimedia Design(LMD), this paper puts forward a new idea and a new method to optimize AR learning resources, and tries to make AR interface form a "bright spot" gestalt value in learners’ minds through systematic and scientific design, so as to realize the transformation of learning situation. Among them, the new idea includes: the new connotation of the AR learning resource interface,the "gestalt value" caused by the interface which is the key factor to realize the situation transformation, the AR interface designed in line with the cognitive rules of learners which is an important way to form "bright spot" gestalt value. The new method is to build the theoretical model and operational model of AR interface design, and to promote AR interface design to become a normative, specific and flow-oriented design activity.